Based on the daily observation data at 6 national meteorological stations and 135 regional meteorological stations in southeastern Hubei Province and digital elevation model (DEM) data with 30 m spatial resolution, nine suitability indexes were selected by comprehensively considering the meteorological and geographic factors affecting the growth and development, yield and quality of loquat in southeastern Hubei Province, including annual average temperature, annual minimum temperature, active accumulative temperature greater than or equal to 10.0 ℃, days with daily minimum temperature less than or equal to -3.0 ℃ and daily average temperature greater than or equal to 25.0 ℃ in May, annual precipitation, precipitation from August to October, slope direction and slope, etc. And on this basis that the refined ecological suitability division of loquat planting in southeastern Hubei Province was studied under the operation environment of ArcGIS by using analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive ecological suitability method. The results show that the main factors affecting ecological suitability of loquat planting in southeastern Hubei Province are annual minimum temperature and days with daily minimum temperature less than or equal to -3.0 ℃ on the whole. The whole region is divided into ecological unsuitable zone, sub-suitable zone, suitable zone and the most suitable zone. Among them, the areas along the river and lake in the northwest are the most suitable zone, in which can be planted early-maturing varieties of loquat. The areas with elevation from 100 m to 250 m are suitable zone in the central and the southeast of Hubei Province, in which is suitable to plant medium-maturing varieties of loquat, and the hillside with elevation from 251 m to 450 m are sub-suitable zone, in which can be developed late and medium maturing varieties of loquats with good nutrition and function, while the mountainous areas with elevation more than 450 m are unsuitable zone. Elementarily proved, the production practice of loquat in large-scale planting area of southeastern Hubei Province is in good agreement with zoning results. The zoning results can provide reference for the rational layout of loquat planting in southeastern Hubei Province.